Uji Preventif Tepung Umbi Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) Terhadap Kenaikan Kolesterol Total Tikus (Rattus norvegicus L.)

Indonesia

Abstract

Asupan kalori yang berlebih dan kurangnya aktivitas fisik (sedentary lifestyle) menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di era modern. Hiperlipidemia adalah salah satu kondisi yang dipicu gaya hidup tersebut. Jumlah kolesterol total darah dapat meningkat akibat asupan makanan yang berasal dari lemak hewani seperti kuning telur, lemak babi, keju, dan mentega. Tepung umbi porang mengandung glukomanan yang dapat terfermentasi di usus besar menyebabkan terbentuknya asam propionat yang mampu menurunkan sintesis kolesterol di hati, sehingga dapat mencegah peningkatan kadar kolesterol total darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh preventif tepung umbi porang terhadap kenaikan kadar kolesterol total darah tikus jantan galur wistar yang diberikan pola makan tidak sehat berupa diet tinggi lemak dan tinggi fruktosa. Tikus dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol negatif yang diberikan pakan standar dan aquades, kelompok kontrol positif diberikan diet tinggi lemak dan tinggi fruktosa, serta 3 kelompok perlakuan yang diberikan kombinasi diet tinggi lemak dan tinggi fruktosa serta tepung umbi porang dengan variasi dosis 25, 50, 100 mg/200 gBB. Perlakuan dilakukan selama 14 hari. Pemeriksaan kadar kolesterol total darah dilakukan sebelum dan setelah perlakuan. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan kadar kolesterol total darah sebelum dan setelah perlakuan selama 14 hari. Kelompok perlakuan tidak berbeda signifikan dengan kelompok kontrol negatif dan berbeda signifikan terhadap kelompok kontrol positif. Hasil tersebut membuktikan bahwa konsumsi tepung umbi porang pada dosis 25, 50, 100 mg/200 gBB dapat berpengaruh secara preventif dalam kenaikan kadar kolesterol total darah tikus yang diberikan pola makan tidak sehat.

Kata kunci: Sedentary lifestyle, Kolesterol Total Darah, Tepung Umbi Porang, Glukomanan, Uji Preventif.

Excessive calorie intake and lack of physical activity (sedentary lifestyle) are public health problems in the modern era. Hyperlipidemia is one of the conditions triggered by this lifestyle. The amount of total blood cholesterol can increase due to the intake of foods derived from animal fats such as egg yolks, lard, cheese, and butter. Porang tuber flour contains glucomannan which can be fermented in the large intestine causing the formation of propionic acid which can reduce cholesterol synthesis in the liver, thus preventing an increase in total blood cholesterol levels. This study aims to determine the preventive effect of porang tuber flour on the increase in total blood cholesterol levels of male Wistar rats given an unhealthy diet in the form of a high-fat and high-fructose diet. Rats were divided into a negative control group that was given standard feed and aquadest, a positive control group was given a high-fat and high-fructose diet, and 3 treatment groups were given a combination of a high-fat and high-fructose diet and porang tuber flour with a dose variation of 25, 50, 100 mg. /200 gBB. The treatment was carried out for 14 days. Examination of total blood cholesterol levels was carried out before and after treatment. The results obtained were that there was no significant difference in total blood cholesterol levels before and after treatment for 14 days. The treatment group was not significantly different from the negative control group and significantly different from the positive control group. These results prove that consumption of porang tuber flour at doses of 25, 50, 100 mg/200 gBB can have a preventive effect in increasing blood total cholesterol levels in rats fed an unhealthy diet.

Keywords: Sedentary lifestyle, Total Blood Cholesterol, Porang Bulb Flour, Glucomannan, Preventive Tests.